ASTM A335 P91 ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ (ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯃꯣꯂꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ) - BLOG

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯤ꯲꯲/ꯄꯤ꯹ꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ꯫

ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏꯅꯔꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯤꯡ ꯇꯤꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ASTM A335 P91ꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ: ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯃꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ, ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ P22 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ P9ꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ, ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ, ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯂꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯡ-ꯇꯔꯝ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯂꯥꯏꯐ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯄꯤ.꯹꯱ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯗꯤꯗꯦꯠ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ:

ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯛꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥ-ꯁꯨꯄꯥꯔꯛꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯔꯤꯍꯤꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
HRSG ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯠ-ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ, ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯍꯦꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫
P22 ꯋꯥꯜ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ P22 ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯐ-ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯅꯤ꯫ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯐꯇꯥꯏꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ, ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯂꯦꯁꯟꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫

seamless chrome moly pipe close-up showing pipe ends and wall thickness - octal pipe P91 chrome moly steel pipe inventory storage in pipe yard - octal pipe

ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ ꯋꯤꯟꯗꯣ: ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯋꯥꯜ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯂꯥꯏꯐ꯫

ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯂꯣꯒ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯈꯅꯒꯠꯂꯤ; ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯐꯝꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ꯑꯦ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯀꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ-ꯔꯄꯆꯔ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ꯫ ꯄꯤ꯲꯲ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤ꯹ꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯔꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯵꯴꯰–꯶꯲꯰ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯗꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯇꯥ ꯃꯥꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯒꯦꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

P91 ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ ꯋꯤꯟꯗꯣ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯤꯐꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ:

ꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯔꯤꯍꯤꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯇꯜ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫꯵꯴꯰–꯶꯲꯰ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫, ꯕꯣꯏꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫
ꯑꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ, ꯄꯤ.꯹꯱ꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ꯫, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯃꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯜ-ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫
ꯊꯤꯅꯔ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ -ꯋꯥꯜ ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯌꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯃꯣꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯥꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯦ꯫
ꯂꯣꯡ-ꯂꯥꯏꯐ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ꯄꯨꯡ ꯱꯰꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ꯫ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯂꯥꯏꯐꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ–ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ–ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯔꯨꯝ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯇꯦꯟꯁꯥꯏꯜ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯖ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ (ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯀꯦꯇꯤꯕ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯧꯕꯥ ASTM/ASME ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ) ꯑꯁꯤ:

ꯇꯦꯕꯜ 1 – P91 ꯁꯤꯃꯂꯦꯁ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯨꯝ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ (ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯀꯦꯇꯤꯚ)

ꯂꯟ ꯊꯨꯝ	ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ*
ꯇꯦꯟꯁꯥꯏꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ, ꯃꯤꯅꯠ	꯵꯸꯵ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.(꯸꯵ ꯁꯤ.ꯁꯤ.) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.
ꯌꯤꯜꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ, ꯃꯤꯅꯠ	꯴꯱꯵ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.(꯶꯰ ꯁꯤ.ꯁꯤ.) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.
ꯏꯂꯣꯡꯒꯦꯁꯟ, ꯃꯤꯅꯠ	20 %
ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯔꯗꯅꯦꯁ (ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯕꯤ.ꯗꯕ꯭ꯜꯌꯨ.)	ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ 250ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ꯫

*ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯧꯕꯥ ASTM A335 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ASME ꯀꯣꯗ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯒꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯇꯦꯕꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ: ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ꯫

ꯃꯦꯇꯥꯂꯔꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯦ.꯳꯳꯵ ꯄꯤ.꯹꯱ ꯑꯁꯤ "ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯲꯲" ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ; ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ꯫9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯦꯃꯤꯂꯤ꯫. ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ:

ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ꯹% ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯔ.{{꯱}}% ꯃꯣꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯖ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ꯫
ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ...ꯚꯤ, ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯕꯤ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟꯂꯣꯡ-ꯇꯔꯝ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯅꯥꯏꯠꯔꯥꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ꯫
ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ-ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯔ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ꯫ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯇꯦꯕꯜ 2 – ASTM A335 P91ꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ (ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯁꯤꯡ)

ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝ	ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ (wt. %) .	ꯃꯦꯇꯥꯂꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ꯫
C	0.08 – 0.12	ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊꯇꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯦꯟ	0.30 – 0.60	ꯗꯤꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗ-ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯁꯤ	0.20 – 0.50	ꯗꯤꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ; ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ Siꯅꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯔ	8.00 – 9.50	ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ꯫
ꯃꯣ	0.85 – 1.05	ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯥꯏꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ꯫
V	0.18 – 0.25	ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯥꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ; ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯕꯤ	0.06 – 0.10	ꯆꯦꯡ ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ; ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯥꯏꯗ/ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯅꯥꯏꯠꯔꯥꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ꯫
N	0.03 – 0.07	ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯄꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯚꯤ/ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯕꯤ.ꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
P	꯰.꯰꯲꯰ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ꯫	ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯏ-ꯑꯉꯥꯝ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ; ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
S	꯰.꯰꯱꯰ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ꯫	ꯁꯂꯐꯔ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯅꯤ	0.40ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ (ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ)	ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯦꯃꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯦꯂꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯣꯅꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ:

ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯦꯂꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ Sn, Sb, As ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ Cuꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯗ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯃꯝ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
ꯍꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯣꯡ-ꯇꯔꯝ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯕꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯌꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ V, Nb ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ Nꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯦꯃꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯏꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯠ-ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ, ꯍꯣꯃꯣꯖꯦꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯔ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ꯫ꯂꯣꯡ-ꯇꯔꯝ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯃꯂꯦꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯗꯨꯀꯥꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ, ꯍꯣꯠ ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯍꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯋꯤꯟꯗꯣ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:

ꯗꯦꯂꯤꯕꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯂꯩ꯫

P91 ꯁꯤꯃꯂꯦꯁ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ-ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯗ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯔꯤ-ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ-ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯣꯛꯌꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯗꯅꯦꯁ, ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯍꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐ꯫

ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯔꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯔꯆ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔ-ꯍꯥꯔꯗꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯀꯇꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯍꯤꯠ, ꯀꯇꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯏꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯀꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯂꯣꯡ-ꯇꯔꯝ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯑꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ, P91 ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯁꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯔꯤꯖꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯗꯤꯞ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ, ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫

chrome moly alloy pipe marking and heat number traceability - octal pipe chrome moly steel pipe loading and export packing with bundle straps - octal pipe

-ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯇꯦꯖꯤꯗꯥ꯫

ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ P91 ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ, ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯐꯦꯇꯤꯒꯦꯁꯟ꯫, ꯈꯉꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯜ ꯐꯦꯏꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯇꯦꯖꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤꯑꯣꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯐꯣꯀꯁ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ:

ꯍꯣꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ-ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯏꯅꯁꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯁꯣꯔꯁꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ-ꯕꯨ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯅꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫

ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫

ꯕꯦꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯗꯣꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯗꯣꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯕꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯔꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯁꯥꯈꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯣꯖꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤꯑꯣꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯤꯁꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯥꯟꯁꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯥꯛ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗꯔꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯇꯤ./ꯄꯤ.ꯇꯤ./ꯌꯨ.ꯇꯤ./ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯇꯤ., ꯍꯥꯔꯗꯅꯦꯁ ꯔꯤ-ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯥ ꯃꯦꯇꯥꯂꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯤꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯅꯁꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯔ, ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯔꯤꯞꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯐ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ ꯕꯅꯥꯝ ꯄꯤ꯲꯲ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤ꯹: ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ-ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯔꯤꯁꯟ꯫

ꯄꯤ꯲꯲, ꯄꯤ꯹ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ...ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯐꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫.

ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯳ – ꯄꯤ꯲꯲, ꯄꯤ꯹ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯄꯆꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ꯫

ꯊꯥꯛ	ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯞꯇ꯫	ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯐꯝ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ*	~600 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯂꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ꯫	ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯨꯖꯔ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ꯫
P22	≈ ꯲.꯲꯵ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯔ.-꯱ꯃꯣ	~꯵꯶꯵–꯵꯸꯰ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ꯫	ꯕꯦꯖ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ꯫	ꯀꯟꯚꯦꯟꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯁꯕꯛꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
P9	꯹ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯔ.-꯱ꯃꯣ (ꯐꯦꯔꯤꯇꯤꯛ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.	~600 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫	ꯄꯤ꯲꯲ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ꯫	ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯍꯤꯇꯔ / ꯔꯤꯍꯤꯇꯔ ꯀꯣꯏꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯈꯅꯒꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯁꯤꯡ꯫
P91	9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb (ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯗ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ)	~꯵꯴꯰–꯶꯲꯰ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ (ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ-ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ)	ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ꯫	ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯛꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ/ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝ, ꯍꯣꯠ ꯔꯤꯍꯤꯠ, ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯄꯤ

*ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯏ.ꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ, ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯅꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ:

ꯃꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝ, ꯍꯣꯠ ꯔꯤꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯦꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ P91
ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ P22 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ P9꯫
ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯎꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯝ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯔꯕꯥ-ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯐꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫

ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯀꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯛꯇꯣꯕꯔ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ꯫

ꯏꯅꯛꯕꯥꯔꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯃꯂꯦꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ:

ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯗ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ASTM A335 ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ P91, ASME ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ)
ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ: ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ, ꯋꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ, ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯇꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ-ꯋꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ꯫
ꯗꯦꯂꯤꯚꯔꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ: ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯦꯛꯇꯦꯁꯟ꯫
ꯃꯄꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯗ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ: ꯇꯦꯟꯁꯥꯏꯜ, ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ, ꯍꯥꯔꯗꯅꯦꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯡ-ꯇꯔꯝ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞ-ꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇ꯫
ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯗꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯗꯤ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ), ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯤꯡ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯠ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ꯫
ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ, ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯇꯣꯂꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ / ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯊꯥꯔꯗ-ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, BV, SGS ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯅꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯕꯣꯗꯤꯁꯤꯡ)

ASTM A335 P91 ꯁꯤꯃꯂꯦꯁ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯝ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯑꯣꯛꯇꯣꯕꯔ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ ꯃꯣꯂꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯔꯗꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NDE ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯔꯗ-ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ QA/QC ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯡ-ꯇꯔꯝ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯠ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ꯫

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ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯦ.ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ

ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯱: ASTM A335 P91 (ASME SA335 P91) ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ?
A1:ꯄꯥꯋꯔ, ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏꯅꯔꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯠꯔꯣꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯃꯂꯦꯁ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯝ-ꯃꯣꯂꯤ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ꯫

ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯲: ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ?
A2:ꯗꯣꯛꯌꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ-ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ (ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨꯏꯟꯆ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ)꯫

ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯳: ꯌꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯤ꯹꯱ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
A3:꯳.꯱ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ/ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ, ꯍꯤꯠ-ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯗꯤ.ꯏ./ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯗꯅꯦꯁ/ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤ/ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯥꯏꯑꯦꯟꯁꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁꯤ.